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Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/ m æ n ˈ d ɛ l ə / man-DEL-ə, [1] Xhosa: [xolíɬaɬa mandɛ̂ːla]; born Rolihlahla Mandela; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
In response to an appeal by Albert Luthuli, the Boycott Movement was founded in London on 26 June 1959 at a meeting of South African exiles and their supporters. Nelson Mandela was an important person among the many that were anti-apartheid activists. [2]
The apartheid system in South Africa was ended through a series of bilateral and multi-party negotiations between 1990 and 1993. The negotiations culminated in the passage of a new interim Constitution in 1993, a precursor to the Constitution of 1996; and in South Africa's first non-racial elections in 1994, won by the African National Congress (ANC) liberation movement.
College students launched the movement against Apartheid in 1977, and it became a force to reckon with by the early '80s. ... Essentially, they're saying to Nelson Mandela, "Apartheid isn't my ...
Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu were instrumental in persuading the ANC's executive to adopt armed struggle. [41] Mandela first advocated this option during the Defiance Campaign of 1952, but his proposal was rejected by his fellow activists for being too radical. [42]
The Treason Trial was a trial in Johannesburg in which 156 people, including Nelson Mandela, were arrested in a raid and accused of treason in South Africa in 1956.. The main trial lasted until 1961, when all of the defendants were found not guilty.
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was a court-like restorative justice [1] body assembled in South Africa in 1996 after the end of apartheid. [a] Authorised by Nelson Mandela and chaired by Desmond Tutu, the commission invited witnesses who were identified as victims of gross human rights violations to give statements about their experiences, and selected some for public hearings.
Between 1987 and 1993, the National Party entered into bilateral negotiations with the African National Congress (ANC), the leading anti-apartheid political movement, for ending segregation and introducing majority rule. [18] [19] In 1990, prominent ANC figures, such as Nelson Mandela, were released from prison. [20]