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False memory is an important part of psychological research because of the ties it has to a large number of mental disorders, such as PTSD. [56] False memory can be declared a syndrome when recall of a false or inaccurate memory takes great effect on a person's life.
Personal life effects are believed to be a form of source confusion, in which the individual cannot recall where the memory is coming from. [26] Therefore, without being able to confirm the source of the memory, the individual may accept the false memory as true. Three factors may be responsible for the implantation of false autobiographical ...
Confabulated memories of all types most often occur in autobiographical memory and are indicative of a complicated and intricate process that can be led astray at any point during encoding, storage, or recall of a memory. [3] This type of confabulation is commonly seen in Korsakoff's syndrome. [8]
False memories often do not have as much visual imagery as true memories. [60] In one study comparing the characteristics of true and false autobiographical memories, true memories were reported to be wealthier in "recollective experience" or providing many details of the originally encoded event, by participants and observers.
The third stage consists of recalling the starting information. The person must recall the original information with hindsight bias and misinformation effect, while a person that has a false autobiographical memory is expected to remember the incorrect information as a true memory. [27]
For instance, clinically depressed individuals, schizophrenic individuals, and those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder tend to recall many memories that lack detail (clouded) and are much more schematic than typical autobiographical memories. In these instances, a patient asked to recall specific memories of his father could only ...
Retrieval of true memories was associated with greater reactivation of sensory-specific cortices, for example, the occipital cortex for vision. [14] Electroencephalography research on this issue also suggests that the retrieval of false memories is associated with reduced attention and recollection related processing relative to true memories. [15]
A special type of false allegation, false memory syndrome, arises typically within therapy, when people report the "recovery" of childhood memories of previously unknown abuse. The influence of practitioners' beliefs and practices in the eliciting of false "memories" and of false complaints has come under particular criticism. [81]