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Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content [citation needed] as opposed to lexicographical similarity.
In psychometrics, item response theory (IRT, also known as latent trait theory, strong true score theory, or modern mental test theory) is a paradigm for the design, analysis, and scoring of tests, questionnaires, and similar instruments measuring abilities, attitudes, or other variables.
Demonstration of tested specimen and IRNDT analysis results. IRNDT (infra-red nondestructive testing) method is suitable for detection and inspection of cracks, defects, cavities, voids and inhomogeneities in material, it is also possible to use the method for inspection of welded joints of metal and plastic parts, inspection of solar cells and solar panels, determination of internal structure ...
The Rotter Incomplete Sentences Blank is a projective psychological test developed by Julian Rotter and Janet E. Rafferty in 1950. [1] It comes in three forms i.e. school form, college form, adult form for different age groups, and comprises 40 incomplete sentences which the S's has to complete as soon as possible but the usual time taken is around 20 minutes, the responses are usually only 1 ...
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Direct evidence of actual copying by a defendant rarely exists, so plaintiffs must often resort to indirectly proving copying. [1] [page needed] Typically, this is done by first showing that the defendant had access to the plaintiff's work and that the degree of similarity between the two works is so striking or substantial that the similarity could only have been caused by copying, and not ...
The self-similar solution of the second kind also appears in different contexts such as in boundary-layer problems subjected to small perturbations, [8] as was identified by Keith Stewartson, [9] Paul A. Libby and Herbert Fox. [10] Moffatt eddies are also a self-similar solution of the second kind.
Sometimes other equivalent versions of the test are used. In cases 1 and 2, the requirement that f xx f yy − f xy 2 is positive at (x, y) implies that f xx and f yy have the same sign there. Therefore, the second condition, that f xx be greater (or less) than zero, could equivalently be that f yy or tr(H) = f xx + f yy be greater (or less ...