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Within second-wave feminism, three phases can be defined: the feminine phase, the feminist phase, and the female phase. During the feminine phase, female writers adhered to male values. In the feminist phase, there was a theme of criticism of women's role in society.
In Towards a Feminist Poetics Showalter traces the history of women's literature, suggesting that it can be divided into three phases: Feminine: In the Feminine phase (1840–1880), "women wrote in an effort to equal the intellectual achievements of the male culture and internalized its assumptions about female nature" (New, 137).
The American Library Association's Feminist Task Force of the Social Responsibilities Round Table selects books annually for Rise: A Feminist Book Project in six categories based on target audience and genre: Early Readers Fiction and Nonfiction, Middle Grade Fiction and Nonfiction, and Young Adult Fiction and Nonfiction. [13]
While previous figures like Virginia Woolf and Simone de Beauvoir had already begun to review and evaluate the female image in literature, [2] and second-wave feminism had explored phallocentrism and sexism through a female reading of male authors, gynocriticism was designed as a "second phase" in feminist criticism – turning to a focus on, and interrogation of female authorship, images, the ...
[11] [12] In the field of literary criticism, Elaine Showalter describes the development of feminist theory as having three phases. The first she calls "feminist critique", in which the feminist reader examines the ideologies behind literary phenomena. The second Showalter calls "gynocriticism", in which the "woman is producer of textual ...
Ruth B. Bottigheimer catalogued this and other disparities between the 1810 and 1812 versions of the Grimms' fairy tale collections in her book, Grimms' Bad Girls And Bold Boys: The Moral And Social Vision of the Tales. Of the "Rumplestiltskin" switch, she wrote, "although the motifs remain the same, motivations reverse, and the tale no longer ...