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Atelectasis is the partial collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absence in gas exchange. It is usually unilateral, affecting part or all of one lung. [2] It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated down to little or no volume, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation, in which they are filled with liquid.
A pulmonary consolidation is a region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid instead of air. [1] The condition is marked by induration [2] (swelling or hardening of normally soft tissue) of a normally aerated lung.
Atelectasis occurs when distending pressure of the alveolus is overcome by surface tension of fluid within the alveolus. Repeated atelectasis and re-inflation leads to atelectotrauma . Atelectotrauma , atelectrauma , cyclic atelectasis or repeated alveolar collapse and expansion ( RACE ) are medical terms for the damage caused to the lung by ...
Further divisions of the segmental bronchi (1 to 6 mm in diameter) [7] are known as 4th order, 5th order, and 6th order segmental bronchi, or grouped together as subsegmental bronchi. [8] [9] Compared to the 23 number (on average) of branchings of the respiratory tree in the adult human, the mouse has only about 13 such branchings.
segmental bronchus (diameter 4.5 to 13 mm) [9] subsegmental bronchus (diameter 1 to 6 mm) [9] conducting bronchiole. terminal bronchiole. respiratory bronchiole. alveolar duct. alveolar sac. alveolus; At each division point or generation, one airway branches into two smaller airways.
CT pulmonary angiogram showing segmental and subsegmental pulmonary emboli on both sides. Further information: Pulmonary embolism CTPA was introduced in the 1990s as an alternative to ventilation/perfusion scanning (V/Q scan), which relies on radionuclide imaging of the blood vessels of the lung.
These in turn give rise to tertiary bronchi (tertiary meaning "third"), known as segmental bronchi which supply each bronchopulmonary segment. [1] The segmentary bronchi subdivide into fourth order, fifth order and sixth order segmental bronchi before dividing into the bronchioles.
A bronchus (/ ˈ b r ɒ ŋ k ə s / BRONG-kəs; pl.: bronchi, / ˈ b r ɒ ŋ k aɪ / BRONG-ky) is a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs.The first or primary bronchi to branch from the trachea at the carina are the right main bronchus and the left main bronchus.