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Bacteriophage treatment offers a possible alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments for bacterial infection. [55] It is conceivable that, although bacteria can develop resistance to phages, the resistance might be easier to overcome than resistance to antibiotics.
Bacteriophages were used from the 1920s as an alternative to antibiotics in the former Soviet Union and Central Europe, as well as in France and Brazil. [7] [8] [9] They are seen as a possible therapy against multi-drug-resistant strains of many bacteria (see phage therapy). [10] [11] [12] [13]
Phage therapy is the method by which bacteriophages (viruses which infect bacteria) are used to treat bacterial infections or reduce bacterial populations. Phage therapy has gained recent attention in the United States as an alternative to standard antibiotic therapy.
Bacteriophages and their host ranges are extremely specific for certain bacteria, thus, unlike antibiotics, they do not disturb the host organism's intestinal microbiota. [201] Bacteriophages, also known as phages, infect and kill bacteria primarily during lytic cycles.
The RM system was first discovered by Salvatore Luria and Mary Human in 1952 and 1953. [1] [2] They found that a bacteriophage growing within an infected bacterium could be modified, so that upon their release and re-infection of a related bacterium the bacteriophage's growth is restricted (inhibited; also described by Luria in his autobiography on pages 45 and 99 in 1984). [3]
A corynebacteriophage (or just corynephage) is a DNA-containing bacteriophage specific for bacteria of genus Corynebacterium as its host. [1] Corynebacterium diphtheriae virus [2] strain Corynebacterium diphtheriae phage [2] (aka Corynephage β [3] or just β-phage [4] [5]) introduces toxigenicity into strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae as it encodes diphtheria toxin, [6] [7] [8] [5] [4 ...