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Open outcry is a method of communication between professionals on a stock exchange or futures exchange, typically on a trading floor. It involves shouting and the use of hand signals to transfer information primarily about buy and sell orders. [2] The part of the trading floor where this takes place is called a pit.
Trading was conducted by open outcry, where traders meet on the trading floor (in what is called the pit) to conduct trades. The Exchange was originally housed in the historic Royal Exchange building near Bank but then moved to Cannon Bridge in 1991. [3] [4]
Pit is a fast-paced card game for three to eight players, designed to simulate open outcry bidding for commodities. The game first went on sale in 1904 by the American games company Parker Brothers. [1] The inspirations were the Chicago Board of Trade (known as the Pit) and the US Corn Exchange.
Orders can now be traded electronically or placed by pit traders using open outcry, creating a single pool of liquidity. On October 17, 2006, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange announced the purchase of the Chicago Board of Trade for $8 billion in stock, joining the two financial institutions as CME Group, Inc.
The pits are areas of the floor that are lowered to facilitate communication, somewhat like a miniature amphitheater. The pits can be raised and lowered depending on trading volume. To an onlooker, the open outcry system can look chaotic and confusing, but in reality, the system is a tried and true method of accurate and efficient trading.
Hand signalling on the floor of the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society Hand signaling , also known as arb [ 1 ] or arbing (short for arbitrage ), is a system of hand signals used on financial trading floors to communicate buy and sell information in an open outcry trading environment.
The terms "dealing room" and "trading floor" are also used, the latter being inspired from that of an open outcry stock exchange. As open outcry is gradually replaced by electronic trading , the trading room becomes the only remaining place that is emblematic of the financial market.
Minneapolis Grain Exchange trading floor, 1939. A trading jacket is a blazer garment worn by a broker who executes trades by open outcry in and around the trading pits of various financial exchanges. Throughout the twentieth century, trading jackets were simply white.