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The command chown / ˈ tʃ oʊ n /, an abbreviation of change owner, is used on Unix and Unix-like operating systems to change the owner of file system files and directories. Unprivileged (regular) users who wish to change the group membership of a file that they own may use chgrp. The ownership of any file in the system may only be altered by ...
The Unix and Linux access rights flags setuid and setgid (short for set user identity and set group identity) [1] allow users to run an executable with the file system permissions of the executable's owner or group respectively and to change behaviour in directories. They are often used to allow users on a computer system to run programs with ...
One solution is a "shadow" password file to hold the password hashes separate from the other data in the world-readable passwd file. For local files, this is usually /etc/shadow on Linux and Unix systems, or /etc/master.passwd on BSD systems; each is readable only by root. (Root access to the data is considered acceptable since on systems with ...
When a file with setuid is executed, the resulting process will assume the effective user ID given to the owner class. This enables users to be treated temporarily as root (or another user). The set group ID, setgid, or SGID permission. When a file with setgid is executed, the resulting process will assume the group ID given to the group class ...
Linux also has a file system user ID (fsuid) which is used explicitly for access control to the file system. It matches the euid unless explicitly set otherwise. It may be root's user ID only if ruid, suid, or euid is root. Whenever the euid is changed, the change is propagated to the fsuid.
The /etc/sudoers file contains a list of users or user groups with permission to execute a subset of commands while having the privileges of the root user or another specified user. The file can be edited by using the command sudo visudo. Sudo contains several configuration options such as allowing commands to be run as sudo without a password ...
In Unix-like computer OSes (such as Linux), root is the conventional name of the user who has all rights or permissions (to all files and programs) in all modes (single- or multi-user). Alternative names include baron in BeOS and avatar on some Unix variants. [2] BSD often provides a toor ("root" written backward) account in addition to a root ...
cat — Copy (concatenate) files to stdout. cd — Change the working directory. chattr — Change file attributes on a Linux file system. chgrp — Change group of one or more files. chmod — Change mode of listed files. chown — Change owner of one or more files. chroot — Run command within a new root directory.