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An indirect statement or question can replace the direct object of a verb that is related to thought or communication. An indirect statement is expressed by changing the case of the subject noun phrase from nominative to accusative and by replacing the main verb with an infinitive (as in the English phrase "You believe me to be a traitor" above).
In English, wh-movement occurs in subordinate clauses to form an indirect question. While wh-fronting occurs in both direct and indirect questions, there is a key word order difference, [7] as illustrated with the following examples: a. Fred will ask Jill to leave. b. Whom will Fred ask to leave? – Direct question c. I wonder whom Fred will ...
– Inversion in a direct question b. *Cathy wonders what did Sam eat. – Incorrect; inversion should not be used in an indirect question c. Cathy wonders what Sam ate. – Correct; indirect question formed without inversion. Similarly: a. We asked whether Tom had left. – Correct; indirect question without inversion b. *We asked whether had ...
An interrogative word or question word is a function word used to ask a question, such as what, which, when, where, who, whom, whose, why, whether and how. They are sometimes called wh-words , because in English most of them start with wh- (compare Five Ws ).
The direct object the book is acted upon by the subject, and the indirect object Susan receives the direct object or otherwise benefits from the action. Traditional grammars often begin with these rather vague notions of the grammatical functions.
), there also exist indirect questions (also called interrogative content clauses), such as where my keys are. These are used as subordinate clauses in sentences such as "I wonder where my keys are" and "Ask him where my keys are." Indirect questions do not necessarily follow the same rules of grammar as direct questions. [11]