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'metal; copper; iron'). [2] The Indian cultural and commercial contacts with the Near East and the Greco-Roman world enabled an exchange of metallurgic sciences. [3] The advent of the Mughals (established: April 21, 1526—ended: September 21, 1857) further improved the established tradition of metallurgy and metal working in India. [4]
Modern steelmaking in India began with the setting of the first blast furnace of India at Kulti in 1870 and production began in 1874, which was set up by Bengal Iron Works. While first modern steel manufacturing plant was set up at the Gun & Shell Factory (GSF), in 1801, [ 24 ] and along with the Metal & Steel Factory (MSF), at Calcutta, [ 25 ...
Other Iron Age archaeological cultures of north India were the Painted Grey Ware culture (1300–300 BCE) [1] and the Northern Black Polished Ware (700–200 BCE). This corresponds to the transition of the Janapadas or principalities of the Vedic period to the sixteen Mahajanapadas or region-states of the early historic period, culminating in ...
The history of ferrous metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began in the 2nd millennium BC. Archaeological sites in the Gangetic plains have yielded iron implements dated between 1800 and 1200 BC. [24] By the early 13th century BC, iron smelting was practiced on a large scale in India. [24]
Bidriware is a metal handicraft from the city of Bidar in Karnataka, India. It was developed in the 14th century C.E. during the rule of the Bahmani Sultans. [1] The term "bidriware" originates from the township of Bidar, which is still the chief center of production. [2] The metal used is white brass that is blackened and inlaid with silver. [2]
Metalworking generally is divided into three categories: forming, cutting, and joining. Most metal cutting is done by high speed steel tools or carbide tools. [7] Each of these categories contains various processes. Prior to most operations, the metal must be marked out and/or measured, depending on the desired finished product.
Ceccarelli, Marco (2000), International Symposium on History of Machines and Mechanisms: Proceedings HMM Symposium, Springer, ISBN 0-7923-6372-8. Chattopadhyaya, Debiprasad (1986). History of science and technology in ancient India: the beginnings. Firma KLM Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 81-7102-053-4. OCLC 45345319. Choudhury, Sarojakanta. (2006).
The metal surface is smoothed by rubbing it with 24 number, coarse Regmar and sand-Balu ki ret. The surface now gets the golden yellow colour of brass. 8. Decoration by hammering: Final finish is done by using a metal hammer. Metal surface is stroked from one side and the impressions come even on the other side, too.