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Feet of a baby born to a mother who had taken thalidomide while pregnant. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of thalidomide in 46 countries was prescribed to women who were pregnant or who subsequently became pregnant, and consequently resulted in the "biggest anthropogenic medical disaster ever," with more than 10,000 children born with a range of severe deformities, such as ...
Thalidomide is racemic; while S-thalidomide is the bioactive form of the molecule, the individual enantiomers can racemize to each other due to the acidic hydrogen at the chiral centre, which is the carbon of the glutarimide ring bonded to the phthalimide substituent. The racemization process can occur in vivo.
Spain and the United States signs the Pact of Madrid. 1955 Spain joins the United Nations. 1959: Spanish miracle: A period of economic growth began. 1973: Spanish miracle: The period ended. 1975: History of Spain (1975–present) 6 November: The Green March forced Spain to hand over its last remaining colonial possession, Spanish Sahara, to ...
Frances Kathleen Oldham Kelsey CM (née Oldham; July 24, 1914 – August 7, 2015) was a Canadian-American [1] pharmacologist and physician. As a reviewer for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), she refused to authorize thalidomide for market because she had concerns about the lack of evidence regarding the drug's safety. [2]
1968 – After a long campaign by The Sunday Times, a compensation settlement for the UK victims of thalidomide was reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK. [88] [89] This compensation, which is distributed by the Thalidomide Trust in the UK, was substantially increased by Diageo in 2005. [90]
1800–1803 Spain yellow fever epidemic 1800–1803 Spain Yellow fever: 60,000+ [124] 1801 Ottoman Empire and Egypt bubonic plague epidemic 1801 Ottoman Empire, Egypt: Bubonic plague: Unknown [125] 1802–1803 Saint-Domingue yellow fever epidemic 1802–1803 Saint-Domingue: Yellow fever: 29,000–55,000 [126] 1812 Russia typhus epidemic 1812 ...
McBride published a letter in The Lancet, in December 1961, noting a large number of birth defects in children of patients who were prescribed thalidomide, [9] after a midwife named Sister Pat Sparrow first suspected the drug was causing birth defects in the babies of patients under his care at Crown Street Women's Hospital in Sydney. [10]
In November 1961, thalidomide was thus taken off the market. [11] [12] Thalidomide caused severe deformities in the children of women who took the drug during pregnancy. Experts estimate that the drug thalidomide led to the death of about 2,000 children and serious birth defects in more than 10,000 children, about 5,000 of them in West Germany.