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Rudolf Island is almost completely glaciated. It is located very close to the limit of permanent Polar ice. Its highest point is 461 m (1,512 ft). The Middendorff Glacier (Lednik Middendorfa) covers the southeastern part of the island. [4] Cape Fligely, located on Rudolf Island's northern shore, is the northernmost point of Europe and Russia.
The first drifting ice station was set up out of Rudolf Island in 1936. [34] An airstrip was then constructed on a glacier on the island, and by 1937 the winter population hit 300. [35] Activity dwindled during the Second World War and only a small group of men were kept at Rudolf Island, remaining unsupplied throughout the war. [36]
The 1930 Bratvaag Expedition was the last Western European presence on the islands until 1990, except for an undetected German weather station on Alexandra Land during World War II. From 1932 the Soviet Union operated weather stations at Tikhaya Bay, Hooker Island and on Rudolf Island.
Rudolf Island. Cape Fligely on Rudolf Island at 81°52' N is the northernmost point of Franz Josef Land. [13] Lieutenant Julius von Payer, an officer of the Austro-Hungarian army, cartographer, and mountaineer, planted an Austro-Hungarian flag at Cape Fligely during the 1874 expedition that discovered Franz Josef Land.
On 23 November, once World War II had already started, Hitler declared that "racial war has broken out and this war shall determine who shall govern Europe, and with it, the world". [41] The racial policy of Nazi Germany portrayed the Soviet Union (and all of Eastern Europe) as populated by non-Aryan Untermenschen ('sub-humans'), ruled by ...
Cape Fligely (Russian: Мыс Флигели; Mys Fligeli) is located on the northern shores of Rudolf Island and Franz Josef Land in the Russian Federation, [1] [2] and is the northernmost point of Russia, Europe, and Eurasia as a whole. It is 911 kilometres (566 mi) south from the North Pole.
The Vistula–Oder offensive (Russian: Висло-Одерская операция, romanized: Vislo–Oderskaya operatsiya) was a Red Army operation on the Eastern Front in the European theatre of World War II in January 1945. The army made a major advance into German-held territory, capturing Kraków, Warsaw and Poznań.
The defense of Brest Fortress was the first battle of Operation Barbarossa, the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union launched on 22 June 1941. The German Army attacked without warning, expecting to take Brest on the first day, using only infantry and artillery, but it took them a week, and only after two bombardments by the Luftwaffe.