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Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation. Benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic ...
The benzoyl functional group.. In organic chemistry, benzoyl (/ ˈ b ɛ n z oʊ ɪ l /, BENZ-oh-il) [1] is the functional group with the formula −COC 6 H 5 and structure −C(=O)−C 6 H 5. [2] [3] It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen.
Benzyl alcohol is not considered to be a carcinogen, and no data are available regarding teratogenic or reproductive effects. [5] Benzyl alcohol has low acute toxicity with an LD 50 of 1.2 g/kg in rats. [5] It oxidizes rapidly in healthy individuals to benzoic acid, conjugated with glycine in the liver, and excreted as hippuric acid. Very high ...
The conjugates of benzoic acid (hippuric acid and the glucuronide of benzoic acid) are rapidly eliminated in urine. [1] When given in large doses to laboratory animals, benzyl benzoate can cause hyperexcitation, loss of coordination, ataxia, convulsions, and respiratory paralysis. [10] Benzyl benzoate can be a skin irritant when used as a ...
In organic synthesis, benzyl chloride is used to introduce the benzyl protecting group in reaction with alcohols, yielding the corresponding benzyl ether, carboxylic acids, and benzyl ester. Benzoic acid (C 6 H 5 COOH) can be prepared by oxidation of benzyl chloride in the presence of alkaline KMnO 4: C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + 2 KOH + 2 [O] → C 6 H 5 ...
Benzoic acid uses hydroxylation (adding a hydroxyl group) to form p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Dimethylbenzylamine can then be converted into ammonia by performing demethylation twice, which removes both methyl groups, followed by debenzylation, removing the benzyl group using hydrogenation. [52]
It reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid: C 6 H 5 COCl + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 COOH + HCl. Benzoyl chloride is a typical acyl chloride. It reacts with alcohols to give the corresponding esters. Similarly, it reacts with amines to give the amide. [5] [6]
4-Aminobenzoic acid (also known as para-aminobenzoic acid or PABA because the two functional groups are attached to the benzene ring across from one another in the para position) is an organic compound with the formula H 2 NC 6 H 4 CO 2 H. PABA is a white crystalline solid, [3] although commercial samples can appear gray.