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The circular ordered the Censorship Committees to ban the publication of religious texts, educational texts, and beginner-level books in Ukrainian; but permitted publication of belles-lettres works in the language. Further restrictions were placed on Ukrainian by the Ems Ukaz in 1876, which completely prohibited the usage of the language in ...
The Ukrainian language as the only State language performs the functions of the language of interethnic communication, is a guarantee of protection of human rights for all Ukrainian citizens regardless of their ethnic origin and is a factor of unity and national security of Ukraine (Art. 1, h. 8).
Language policy in Ukraine is based on its Constitution, international treaties and on domestic legislation.According to article 10 of the Constitution, Ukrainian is the official language of Ukraine, and the state shall ensure the comprehensive development and functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life throughout the entire territory of the country.
In that year the Ukrainian Government partially limited freedom of the press through tax inspections (Mykola Azarov, who later became Prime Minister of Ukraine, headed the tax authority during Kuchma's presidency [24] [25]), libel cases, subsidization, and intimidation of journalists; this caused many journalists to practice self-censorship. [7]
Vladimir Putin claimed he was protecting Russian speakers. His invasion has instead made speaking Ukrainian a global symbol of defiance.
In 1765–1786, the administrative language of the Hetmanate was gradually Russified, it let to the complete adoption of Russian as the language of administration of Ukrainian lands in place of the Ruthenian language at the end of the period. [16] [18] As a result the Ruthenian language was limited to private use and to works not designed for ...
Russian newspapers, TV channels and radio stations are however popular in Ukraine. Russian programs are also popular with Ukrainian media outlets, and they are cheaper than Ukrainian programming. [45] By 2024, 50% of Ukrainian media relied on the U.S. government as their main source of funds, and another 35% received significant sums from it. [48]
Ukrainian newspapers were closed and books published outside the Russian Empire in the Ukrainian language were prohibited and confiscated, particularly significant considering every book in Ukrainian in Galicia and Bukovina at the time had been printed "outside of the empire". Even Ukrainian language correspondence was banned.