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Since the 1950s, there has been consensus among archaeologists as to the African origins of Great Zimbabwe. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] Artefacts and radiocarbon dating indicate settlement in at least the 5th century, with continuous settlement of Great Zimbabwe between the 12th and 15th centuries [ 72 ] and the bulk of the finds from the 15th century. [ 73 ]
Caton Thompson assembled an all female expedition for the Zimbabwe excavations, which was the first of its kind. Known since the 16th century, Great Zimbabwe had been previously excavated by James Theodore Bent and David Randall-MacIver and there was debate as to whether the site was the work of Africans (MacIver's view) or of some other ...
More substantial in numbers in Zimbabwe were the makers of the Ziwa and Gokomere ceramic wares, of the fourth century A.D. [4] Their early Iron Age ceramic tradition belonged to the highlands facies of the eastern stream, [6] which moved inland to Malawi and Zimbabwe. Imports of beads have been found at Gokomere and Ziwa sites, possibly in ...
He argued that Great Zimbabwe was constructed by the ancestors of the current inhabitants of the area, the Shona people, as opposed to being constructed by a non-African or outsider civilization. This research was opposed by the Rhodesian government , including the prime minister, Ian Smith , [ 4 ] and Garlake was forced to leave the country in ...
This, in turn he argued as the main influence in the formation of the Zimbabwe Pattern at Great Zimbabwe. [3] Arguably his seminal contribution to the field was A Handbook to the Iron Age : The Archaeology of Pre-Colonial Farming Societies in Southern Africa (2007), which has contributed to the understanding of ceramic style analysis and ...
The Mapungubwe people, a Bantu-speaking group of migrants from present-day South Africa, inhabited the Great Zimbabwe site from about AD 1000 - 1550, intermarrying with san bushmen people the native shona talk of this as the story of the tavara being the bantu and shava being the bushmen . From about 1100, the fortress took shape, reaching its ...
Nyatsimba Mutota was a member of the Karanga clan of the Shona tribe. [4] He was a representative of the ruling Mbire family. The Mbire had dominated the formation of the state ruled from Great Zimbabwe since its founding by his great-grandfather Mbire, after whom the family took its name.
In the 13th century Great Zimbabwe was on the fringe of the Mapungubwe state. [10]: 55 From the 12th century, Great Zimbabwe wrestled with other settlements, such as Chivowa, for economic and political dominance in the Southern Zambezi Escarpment. Agriculture and cattle played a key role in developing a vital social network, and served to ...