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Pseudocode is commonly used in textbooks and scientific publications related to computer science and numerical computation to describe algorithms in a way that is accessible to programmers regardless of their familiarity with specific programming languages. Textbooks often include an introduction explaining the conventions in use, and the ...
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm (/ ˈ æ l ɡ ə r ɪ ð əm / ⓘ) is a finite sequence of mathematically rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific problems or to perform a computation. [1] Algorithms are used as specifications for performing calculations and data processing.
An algorithm is fundamentally a set of rules or defined procedures that is typically designed and used to solve a specific problem or a broad set of problems.. Broadly, algorithms define process(es), sets of rules, or methodologies that are to be followed in calculations, data processing, data mining, pattern recognition, automated reasoning or other problem-solving operations.
Often pseudo-code is used, which uses the common idioms of such languages without strictly adhering to the details of a particular one. Also, flowcharts are not well-suited for new programming techniques such as recursive programming. Nevertheless, flowcharts were still used in the early 21st century for describing computer algorithms. [9]
The algorithm's given problem can be a “family of problems”. [10] There are two main types of these skeletons, ‘divide and conquer’ or ‘brand and bound’. ‘Divide and conquer’ uses a map skeleton as its basis, combining this with a while skeleton to solve the problem. In map algorithms, functions on data are applied simultaneously.
From a dynamic programming point of view, Dijkstra's algorithm for the shortest path problem is a successive approximation scheme that solves the dynamic programming functional equation for the shortest path problem by the Reaching method. [8] [9] [10] In fact, Dijkstra's explanation of the logic behind the algorithm, [11] namely Problem 2.
In computer programming, the act of swapping two variables refers to mutually exchanging the values of the variables. Usually, this is done with the data in memory. For example, in a program, two variables may be defined thus (in pseudocode): data_item x := 1 data_item y := 0 swap (x, y);
Banker's algorithm; Bellman–Ford algorithm; Biconjugate gradient stabilized method; Biconnected component; Binary search; Bisection method; Bitwise operation; Block sort; Blowfish (cipher) Borůvka's algorithm; Braess's paradox; Brandes' algorithm; Bresenham's line algorithm; Bron–Kerbosch algorithm; Bubble sort; Bucket sort; Burning Ship ...