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Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Measurement Lower limit Upper limit Unit Urinary specific gravity: 1.003 [1] [2] 1.030 [1] [2] g/mL Urobilinogen:
Males produce approximately 150 μmol to 200 μmol of creatinine per kilogram of body weight per 24 h, while females produce approximately 100 μmol/kg/24 h to 150 μmol/kg/24 h. In normal circumstances, all the creatinine produced is excreted in the urine. Creatinine concentration is checked during standard urine drug tests.
Creatinine(U)] is taken into account due to the notion that creatinine is normally released into the urine at a constant rate. [6] Scientists found that the ratio of protein to creatinine roughly estimates the actual value gained from the 24-hour urine protein test. [6] The normal urine protein/creatinine ratio is less than 200 mg/g. [7]
The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area, is 100–130 average 125 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) in men and 90–120 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) in women younger than the age of 40. In children, GFR measured by inulin clearance is 110 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) until 2 years of age in both sexes, and then it progressively decreases.
Adults generally have a specific gravity in the range of 1.010 to 1.030. Increases in specific gravity (hypersthenuria, i.e. increased concentration of solutes in the urine) may be associated with dehydration, diarrhea, emesis, excessive sweating, urinary tract/bladder infection, glucosuria, renal artery stenosis, hepatorenal syndrome, decreased blood flow to the kidney (especially as a result ...
The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.