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The first Light-Emitting Diode was created in 1927 by Russian inventor Oleg Losev, [1] and used silicon carbide as a semiconductor. However, electroluminescence as a phenomenon was discovered twenty years earlier by the English experimenter Henry Joseph Round of Marconi Labs , using the same crystal and a cat's-whisker detector .
1962 Nick Holonyak Jr. develops the first practical visible-spectrum (red) light-emitting diode. 1963 Kurt Schmidt invents the first high pressure sodium-vapor lamp. [18] 1972 M. George Craford invents the first yellow light-emitting diode. 1972 Herbert Paul Maruska and Jacques Pankove create the first violet light-emitting diode.
One-color light is well suited for traffic lights and signals, exit signs, emergency vehicle lighting, ships' navigation lights, and LED-based Christmas lights Because of their long life, fast switching times, and visibility in broad daylight due to their high output and focus, LEDs have been used in automotive brake lights and turn signals.
A 230-volt LED filament lamp, with an E27 base. The filaments are visible as the eight yellow vertical lines. An assortment of LED lamps commercially available in 2010: floodlight fixtures (left), reading light (center), household lamps (center right and bottom), and low-power accent light (right) applications An 80W Chips on board (COB) LED module from an industrial light luminaire, thermally ...
The GaAs 0.60 P 0.40 laser diode worked at low temperatures, but the device still functioned as a light-emitting diode at room temperature. [8] The demonstration of red light emission from the diode inspired the article "Light of Hope – or Terror" in Reader's Digest. GaAsP was the material used for the first generation of commercial LEDs that ...
Light-emitting capacitor, or LEC, is a term used since at least 1961 [3] to describe electroluminescent panels. General Electric has patents dating to 1938 on flat electroluminescent panels that are still made as night lights and backlights for instrument panel displays.
Light-emitting diodes: Light-emitting diodes (LED) are solid state devices that emit light by dint of the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material. [25] Compact fluorescent lamps: CFLs are designed to replace incandescent lamps in existing and new installations. [26] [27]
Practical general lighting needs high-power LEDs, of one watt or more. Typical operating currents for such devices begin at 350 mA. These efficiencies are for the light-emitting diode only, held at low temperature in a lab.