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Schizophrenia affects around 0.3–0.7% of the general population at some point in life (i.e. lifetime prevalence), [1] or 21 million people worldwide as of 2020 (about one of every 285). [2] By using precise methods in its diagnosis and a large, representative population, schizophrenia seems to occur with relative consistency over time during ...
[25] [26] Compared to the general population, people with schizophrenia have a higher suicide rate (about 5% overall) and more physical health problems, [27] [28] leading to an average decrease in life expectancy by 20 [13] to 28 years. [14] In 2015, an estimated 17,000 deaths were linked to schizophrenia. [16]
The causes of schizophrenia that underlie the development of schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder, are complex and not clearly understood.A number of hypotheses including the dopamine hypothesis, and the glutamate hypothesis have been put forward in an attempt to explain the link between altered brain function and the symptoms and development of schizophrenia.
This hypothesis builds upon Crespi and Badcock's imprinted brain hypothesis of autism and psychosis by suggesting that the behavioral traits associated with autism and schizophrenia have been beneficial for individual reproductive, mating, and parental strategies; and therefore, have been maintained throughout the human population via sexual ...
The prognosis of schizophrenia is varied at the individual level. In general it has great human and economics costs. [ 1 ] It results in a decreased life expectancy of 12–15 years primarily due to its association with obesity , little exercise, and smoking , while an increased rate of suicide plays a lesser role. [ 1 ]
The outcomes paradox (otherwise known as the "better prognosis hypothesis") is the observation that patients with schizophrenia in developing countries benefit much more from therapy than those in developed countries. This is surprising because the reverse holds for most diseases: "the richer and more developed the country, the better the ...