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Anisocoria is a common condition, defined by a diameter difference of 0.4 mm or more between the sizes of the pupils of the eyes. [2] Anisocoria has various causes: [3] Physiological anisocoria: About 20% of the population has a slight
The main characteristic that distinguishes physiological anisocoria is an increase of pupil size with lower light or reduced illumination, such that the pupils differ in size between the two eyes. At any given eye examination, up to 41% of healthy patients can show an anisocoria of 0.4 mm or more at one time or another.
The ganglion cells give information about ambient light levels, and react sluggishly compared to the rods and cones. Signals from photosensitive ganglion cells have multiple functions including acute suppression of the hormone melatonin, entrainment of the body's circadian rhythms and regulation of the size of the pupil.
Mechanical anisocoria refers to anisocoria, a common eye condition in which the two pupils differ in size, that is the result of damage to the iris dilator muscle, which may be caused by trauma, angle-closure glaucoma, surgery such as cataract removal, or uveitis (inflammation of the eye).
A group of 58 researchers is calling for a new, better way to measure obesity.. The global team’s recommendations were published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology on Jan. 14.
The Neurological Pupil index, or NPi, is an algorithm developed by NeurOptics, Inc., that removes subjectivity from the pupillary evaluation. A patient's pupil measurement (including variables such as size, latency, constriction velocity, dilation velocity, etc.) is obtained using a pupillometer, and the measurement is compared against a normative model of pupil reaction to light and ...
The American Journal of Critical Care revealed that critical care and neurosurgical nurses consistently underestimated pupil size, were unable to identify anisocoria, and incorrectly assessed pupil reactivity (sPLR). It concluded that automated pupillometry is a necessary tool for accuracy and consistency, and that it might facilitate earlier ...
Argyll Robertson pupils (AR pupils) are bilateral small pupils that reduce in size on a near object (i.e., they accommodate), but do not constrict when exposed to bright light (i.e., they do not react). They are a highly specific sign of neurosyphilis; however, Argyll Robertson pupils may also be a sign of diabetic neuropathy.