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Circumcision of Isaac, in the Jewish manuscript the "Regensburg Pentateuch", Germany, c. 1300. The shape of the hat is variable. Sometimes, especially in the thirteenth century, it is a soft Phrygian cap, but rather more common in the early period is a hat with a round circular brim—apparently stiff—curving round to a tapering top that ends in a point, [1] called the "so-called oil-can ...
Shtreimel on a mannequin A rabbi dressed in shtreimel, Jerusalem. A shtreimel (Yiddish: שטרײַמל shtrayml, plural: שטרײַמלעך shtraymlekh or שטרײַמלען shtraymlen) is a fur hat worn by some Ashkenazi Jewish men, mainly members of Hasidic Judaism, on Shabbat and Jewish holidays and other festive occasions. [1]
The Jewish poet Süßkind von Trimberg wearing a "Jewish hat" (Codex Manesse, 14th century) The Papal tiara in the Middle Ages is sometimes shown as more pointed than in more recent centuries, though also shown with no point. Mitra papalis is a type of conch named after the papal mitre for its form. [citation needed]
Married observant Jewish women wear a scarf (tichel or mitpahat), snood, hat, beret, or sometimes a wig in order to conform with the requirement of Jewish religious law that married women cover their hair. [32] [33] A Greek Sephardic couple in wedding costume ca. late 19th century. The woman wears a veil in accordance with wedding custom.
A Biberhut or Bieber Hit (Biber is the German word for beaver) is a hat worn by some Ashkenazi Jewish men, mainly members of Hasidic Judaism. Two variations exist; the Flache (flat) Bieber Hat, which is mainly worn by adherents of Satmar Hasidim and some Yerushalmi Jews, and the Hoiche (tall) Bieber Hat also referred to as the Polish Hat, worn by most other Hasidic Jews.
In the Middle Ages, hats were a marker of social status and used to single out certain groups. The 1215 Fourth Council of the Lateran required that all Jews identify themselves by wearing the Judenhat ("Jewish hat"), marking them as targets for anti-Semitism. [11] The hats were usually yellow and were either pointed or square. [12]