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Untreated, the acute symptoms of Kawasaki disease are self-limited (i.e. the patient will recover eventually), but the risk of coronary artery involvement is much greater, even many years later. Many cases of myocardial infarction in young adults have now been attributed to Kawasaki disease that went undiagnosed during childhood. [ 6 ]
Kawasaki disease is most commonly seen in infants and children under five years old and is more likely to affect boys. The disease is self-limited which means that the inflammation will resolve after 6 to 8 weeks but if we left it untreated, there is a 20-25% risk of the heart complications we went over. Alright so let’s look at the symptoms ...
Coronary artery aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of part of the coronary artery. This rare disorder occurs in about 0.3–4.9% of patients who undergo coronary angiography . [ 2 ]
These methods have been applied to Kawasaki disease and Takayasu arteritis diagnosis and follow-up. [23] When Kawasaki disease is present, transthoracic echocardiography can identify coronary artery abnormalities. [23] Echocardiography reveals coronary artery lesions (ectasia or aneurysm) in about 40% of children with Kawasaki disease. [34]
Coronary artery ectasia is commonly found in patients with diseases of the connective tissue and an increased inflammatory response such as Marfan syndrome and Kawasaki Disease. [6] It can also be found transiently in patients that have undergone stent placement resulting in the stretching of the vessels 1.
Myocardial infarction can also occur as a late consequence of Kawasaki disease. [67] Calcium deposits in the coronary arteries can be detected with CT scans. Calcium seen in coronary arteries can provide predictive information beyond that of classical risk factors. [68]
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