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The diagnosis of histamine intolerance is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and lack of validated diagnostic tools. [6] [21] [22] Histamine intolerance is not recognized as an explicit medical condition with that name in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Edition 11, [2] or any previous edition of the ICD.
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a term referring to one of two types of mast cell activation disorder (MCAD); the other type is idiopathic MCAD. [1] MCAS is an immunological condition in which mast cells, a type of white blood cell, inappropriately and excessively release chemical mediators, such as histamine, resulting in a range of chronic symptoms, sometimes including anaphylaxis or ...
Symptoms are thought to be the result of histamine being released by mast cells on the surface of the skin. Despite the lack of antigens, histamine causes the skin to swell in affected areas. If the membrane that surrounds the mast cells is too weak, it will easily and rapidly break down under physical pressure, which then causes an allergic ...
Severe heat intolerance (e.g., nausea, dizziness, and headache), and tingling, pricking, pinchy or burning pain over the entire body on exposure to hot environments or prolonged exercise which improve after cooling the body. Occurs in the absence of any causative skin, metabolic, or neurological disorders. [15]
Symptoms include recurrent episodes of hives, which are red, itchy, and swollen areas on the skin. These episodes can be triggered by various factors, including heat, stress, or for no identifiable reason. [6] Autoimmune urticaria is a relatively rare condition, affecting a small percentage of the population. [1]
The antibodies will cause cells in the body to produce histamine. This histamine will act on different areas of the body (eyes, throat, nose, gastrointestinal tract, skin or lungs) to produce symptoms of an allergic reaction. The allergic response is not limited to a certain amount of exposure.
The exact mechanism of the condition is unknown. Some studies have suggested the itching occurs in response to increased fibrinolytic activity in the skin, [5] [6] inappropriate activation of the sympathetic nervous system, [7] increased activity of acetylcholinesterase, [8] [9] or an increase in mast cell degranulation that releases histamine and other chemicals into the body.
Mastocytosis is a rare disease in which there is a proliferation of mast cells that produce excess histamine. [43] Histamine intolerance is a presumed set of adverse reactions (such as flush, itching, rhinitis, etc.) to ingested histamine in food. The mainstream theory accepts that there may exist adverse reactions to ingested histamine, but ...