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The United States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. [1] At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census recognized five racial categories (White, Black, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander), as well as people who belong to two or more of the racial categories.
The United States Census has race and ethnicity as defined by the Office of Management and Budget in 1997. [1] The following median per capita income data are retrieved from American Community Survey 2018 1-year estimates. In this survey, the nationwide population is 327,167,439 and the per capita income was US$33,831 in 2018. [2]
"Mixed race" (in combination with other races) and multi-ethnic categories are not listed separately. For Per Capita Income (per person income) by Race and Ethnicity go to List of ethnic groups in the United States by per capita income. Household income refers to the total gross income received by all members of a household within a 12-month ...
In 1639, in what would become the United States, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was the first to have the secular courts keep these records. By the end of the 19th century, European countries were adopting centralized systems for recording deaths. [2] In the United States, a standard model death certificate was developed around 1910. [2]
Demographic changes can have broad effects on the health of ethnic groups. Cities in the United States have undergone major social transitions during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Notable factors in these shifts have been sustained rates of black poverty and intensified racial segregation, often as a result of redlining. [62]
Housing segregation in the United States is the practice of denying African American or other minority groups equal access to housing through the process of misinformation, denial of realty and financing services, and racial steering. [43] [44] [45] Housing policy in the United States has influenced housing segregation trends throughout history.
Title page of 1790 United States census. The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of the US Constitution and applicable laws. [13]
b ^ While all Native Americans in the United States were only counted as part of the (total) U.S. population since 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau previously either enumerated or made estimates of the non-taxed Native American population (which was not counted as a part of the U.S. population before 1890) for the 1860–1880 time period.