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Ham (July 1957 – January 19, 1983), a chimpanzee also known as Ham the Chimp and Ham the Astrochimp, was the first non-human great ape launched into space. On January 31, 1961, Ham flew a suborbital flight on the Mercury-Redstone 2 mission, part of the U.S. space program's Project Mercury .
Mercury-Atlas 5 was an American spaceflight of the Mercury program.It was launched on November 29, 1961, with Enos, a chimpanzee, aboard.The craft orbited the Earth twice and splashed down about 200 miles (320 km) south of Bermuda, and Enos became the first primate from the United States and the third great ape to orbit the Earth.
A film clip Chimp into space (no title), 1961/11/30 (1961) is available for viewing at the Internet Archive; A film clip documenting Enos take-off and landing is available for viewing at the Internet Archive; One Small Step: The Story of the Space Chimps, documentary on history of chimpanzees used in space travel
Enos, the third great ape and only chimpanzee to orbit the Earth, being prepared for launch on Mercury-Atlas 5 (November 29, 1961) Able, who flew on the first two monkey space mission in May 1959, on display at the National Air and Space Museum Sam, a rhesus macaque, flew to an altitude of 88 km (55 mi) on December 4, 1959, on a NASA rocket, Little Joe 2
Mercury-Redstone 2 (MR-2) was the test flight of the Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle just prior to the first crewed American space mission in Project Mercury.Carrying a chimpanzee named Ham on a suborbital flight, Mercury spacecraft Number 5 was launched at 16:55 UTC on January 31, 1961, from LC-5 at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
First animals and plants returned alive from space (the dogs Belka and Strelka) First capsule recovered from orbit Korabl-Sputnik 2 (aka Sputnik 5) 1961 January 31 USA First great ape or Hominidae in space, Ham, a chimpanzee Mercury-Redstone 2: 1961 February 12 USSR First launch from Earth orbit of upper stage into a heliocentric orbit
Moving footage shows the moment a chimpanzee who was used for laboratory research sees the sky for the first time. Vanilla, a 28-year-old chimpanzee, spent many years in a biomedical research ...
January 31 – Ham, a 37-pound male chimpanzee, is rocketed into space in a test of the Project Mercury capsule designed to carry U.S. astronauts into space. April 12 – Yuri Gagarin is the first human in space, making a single Low Earth orbit in Vostok 1 before parachuting to the ground.