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In some designs (as shown in the diagrams) the secondary voltage V s adds to the source voltage V b; in this case because the voltage across the primary (during the time the switch is closed) is approximately V b, V s = (N+1)×V b. Alternately the switch may get some of its control voltage or current directly from V b and the rest from the ...
The MOSFET is by far the most widely used transistor for both digital circuits as well as analog circuits, [104] accounting for 99.9% of all transistors in the world. [102] The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was previously the most commonly used transistor during the 1950s to 1960s.
Diode–transistor logic (DTL) is a class of digital circuits that is the direct ancestor of transistor–transistor logic. It is called so because the logic gating functions AND and OR are performed by diode logic , while logical inversion (NOT) and amplification (providing signal restoration) is performed by a transistor (in contrast with ...
A circuit diagram (or: wiring diagram, electrical diagram, elementary diagram, electronic schematic) is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit. A pictorial circuit diagram uses simple images of components, while a schematic diagram shows the components and interconnections of the circuit using standardized symbolic representations.
If all the input voltages are low (logical "0"), the transistor is cut-off. The pull-down resistor R 1 biases the transistor to the appropriate on-off threshold. The output is inverted since the collector-emitter voltage of transistor Q 1 is taken as output, and is high when the inputs are low. Thus, the analog resistive network and the analog ...
A 5.6 Volt Zener diode D2 and transistor Q2 forms the feedback control: when the voltage across the capacitor C1 is higher than the threshold voltage formed by Zener voltage of D2 plus the base-emitter turn-on voltage of transistor Q2, transistor Q2 is turned on diverting the base current of the switching transistor Q1, impeding the oscillation ...
The residual gain is low (K = R C /R E < 1). The circuit is insensitive to the input voltage variations and the transistor stays firmly in active linear region. The input resistance is high because of the series negative feedback. The cutoff transistor breaks the connection between its input and output.
Subthreshold slope is used as a figure of merit for the switching efficiency of a transistor. [2] In digital circuits, subthreshold conduction is generally viewed as a parasitic leakage in a state that would ideally have no conduction. In micropower analog circuits, on the other hand, weak inversion is an efficient operating region, and ...