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The brain size of H. erectus varies considerably, but is generally smaller in H. erectus sensu lato, as low as 546 cc (33.3 cu in) in Dmanisi skull 5. [53] Asian H. erectus overall are rather big-brained, averaging roughly 1,000 cc, [ 46 ] staying within the range of variation for modern humans. [ 54 ]
D4500's features are very rare compared to early Homo in that it had a small braincase yet an unusually large prognathic face. [2] "Skull 5" has an accompanying mandible, D2600, which was found in 2000. In 1999 two other skulls had been found at the same site—D2280 and D2282. D2280 was a near-complete brain-case with 780 cc brain-size.
The Dmanisi skull, also known as Skull 5 or D4500, is one of five skulls discovered in Dmanisi, Georgia and classified as early Homo erectus.Described in a publication in October 2013, it is estimated to be about 1.8 million years old and is the most complete skull of a Pleistocene Homo species, [1] [2] and the first complete adult hominin skull of that degree of antiquity.
KNM-ER 3883 is a significant fossil specimen of early African Homo erectus, dating to approximately 1.5–1.6 million years ago.This cranium, discovered in Kenya, has an endocranial volume exceeding 800 cc, which is substantially larger than earlier Homo species and suggests a notable increase in brain size.
Homo (from Latin homÅ 'human') is a genus of great ape (family Hominidae) that emerged from the genus Australopithecus and encompasses only a single extant species, Homo sapiens (modern humans), along with a number of extinct species (collectively called archaic humans) classified as either ancestral or closely related to modern humans; these include Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
[19]: 136 Overall, Asian H. erectus are big-brained, averaging roughly 1,000 cc (61 cu in). [20] For comparison, a 1955 survey of 63 Aboriginal Australians reported a brain volume range of 943 to 1,399 cc (57.5 to 85.4 cu in); that is, Asian H. erectus brain volume fits within the modern human range of variation. [21]
The Narmada Human, originally the Narmada Man, is a species of extinct human that lived in central India during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. [1] [2] From a skull cup discovered from the bank of the Narmada River in Madhya Pradesh in 1982, the discoverer, Arun Sonakia classified it was an archaic human and gave the name Narmada Man, with the scientific name H. erectus narmadensis. [3]
The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy, biological anthropology, animal science and evolution.Measuring brain size and cranial capacity is relevant both to humans and other animals, and can be done by weight or volume via MRI scans, by skull volume, or by neuroimaging intelligence testing.