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Black July (Tamil: கறுப்பு யூலை, romanized: Kaṟuppu Yūlai; Sinhala: කළු ජූලිය, romanized: Kalu Juliya) was an anti-Tamil pogrom [5] that occurred in Sri Lanka during July 1983.
Traditionally July had been a month of importance to the LTTE, who commemorate the Black July that followed the ambush of Four Four Bravo which is considered the start of the civil war and the successful first Black Tiger attack by Captain Miller. July is marked with LTTE major attacks such as the that of the Weli Oya garrison in 1995.
Eelam War I (23 July 1983 - 29 July 1987) is the name given to the initial phase of the armed conflict between the government of Sri Lanka and the LTTE. [1]Although tensions between the government and Tamil militant groups had been brewing since the 1970s, full-scale war did not break out until an attack by the LTTE on a Sri Lanka Army patrol in Jaffna, in the north of the country, on July 23 ...
There has been a series of virulent anti-Tamil pogroms in Sri Lanka, the most infamous of which is the 1983 Black July pogrom, which killed more than 5000 Tamils in a single week. [2] [13] The International Commission of Jurists described the violence of the pogrom as having "amounted to acts of genocide" in a report published in December 1983. [9]
23 July Four Four Bravo ambush: A 15-man patrol of the Sri Lankan Army is ambushed by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in Thirunelveli. 13 of its members were killed. The ambush was a watershed event for ethnic relations in Sri Lanka and would be one of the immediate causes for the Sri Lankan Civil War. [1]
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In 1982, one year after the initial destruction, the community sponsored Jaffna Public Library Week and collected thousands of books. Repairs on parts of the building were in progress when the Black July pogrom-induced civil conflict began in 1983. By 1984, the library was fully renovated; however, the library was damaged by bullets and bombs.
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