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Ixodes scapularis is commonly known as the deer tick or black-legged tick (although some people reserve the latter term for Ixodes pacificus, which is found on the west coast of the US), and in some parts of the US as the bear tick. [2] It was also named Ixodes dammini until it was shown to be the same species in 1993. [3]
Ixodes hexagonus Ixodes pacificus Ixodes ricinus Ixodes scapularis Ixodes uriae. Ixodes is a genus of hard-bodied ticks (family Ixodidae).It includes important disease vectors of animals and humans (tick-borne disease), and some species (notably Ixodes holocyclus) inject toxins that can cause paralysis.
The Ixodidae are the family of hard ticks or scale ticks, [1] one of the three families of ticks, consisting of over 700 species.They are known as 'hard ticks' because they have a scutum or hard shield, which the other major family of ticks, the 'soft ticks' (), lack.
Ixodes pacificus, the western black-legged tick, is a species of tick found on the western coast of North America. I. pacificus is a member of the family Ixodidae (hard ticks). It is the principal vector of Lyme disease in that region. I. pacificus larvae and nymphs typically feeds on lizards and small mammals, while adults typically feed on ...
Borrelia bacteria are well described elsewhere in association with Ixodes ticks for causing Lyme disease in humans, but this disease also affects domestic dogs. Borrelia anserina is transmitted by Argas persicus to poultry, causing avian borreliosis in a wide spread of tropical and subtropical countries. [ 19 ]
Ostfeld RS, Miller MC & Hazler KR (1996) Causes and consequences of tick (Ixodes scapularis) burdens on white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). J Mammal ; 77:266–273. J Mammal ; 77:266–273. Ostfeld RS, Schauber EM, Canham CD, Keesing F & al. (2001) Effects of acorn production and mouse abundance on abundance and Borrelia burgdorferi ...
Vector: at least 15 species of ticks in the genus Ixodes, including deer tick (Ixodes scapularis (=I. dammini), I. pacificus, I. ricinus (Europe), I. persulcatus (Asia)) [28] Endemic to: The Americas and Eurasia; Symptoms: Fever, arthritis, neuroborreliosis, erythema migrans, cranial nerve palsy, carditis, fatigue, and influenza-like illness [29]
Lyme disease is spread to humans through the bite of infected ticks.The tick population is affected by weather and climate.Many factors determine tick population densities as well as diseased population densities of ticks so that no single factor can determine likelihood of exposure to tick-borne disease. [1]