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[2] [1] Throughout Mesopotamian history, dreams were always held to be extremely important for divination [1] [3] and Mesopotamian kings paid close attention to them. [1] [2] Gudea, the king of the Sumerian city-state of Lagash (reigned c. 2144–2124 BC), rebuilt the temple of Ningirsu as the result of a dream in which he was told to do so. [1]
first important article on dreams 1951 "What People Dream About," Scientific American, 184, 60-63: first report of quantitative findings 1951: Handbook of Experimental Psychology: Hall was the author of one chapter 1953 "A Cognitive Theory of Dreams," Journal of General Psychology, 49, 273-282: highly original theoretical article on dreams 1953
Thus, in his seminar notes of 1936 and 1937, forming the first part of his synthesis work On the Interpretation of Dreams, he draws up a historical panorama ranging from Artemidorus of Daldis (2nd c.) with his Five Books on the Art of Interpreting Dreams, to Macrobius (b. c. 370), through his Commentary on the Dream of Scipio, and Synesios of ...
Dreams can usually be recalled if a person is awakened while dreaming. [98] Women tend to have more frequent dream recall than men. [98] Dreams that are difficult to recall may be characterized by relatively little affect, and factors such as salience, arousal, and interference play a role in dream recall. Often, a dream may be recalled upon ...
Research into dreams includes exploration of the mechanisms of dreaming, the influences on dreaming, and disorders linked to dreaming. Work in oneirology overlaps with neurology and can vary from quantifying dreams to analyzing brain waves during dreaming, to studying the effects of drugs and neurotransmitters on sleeping or dreaming.
Later, Enkidu dreams about the heroes' encounter with the giant Humbaba. [4] Dreams were also sometimes seen as a means of seeing into other worlds [4] and it was thought that the soul, or some part of it, moved out of the body of the sleeping person and actually visited the places and persons the dreamer saw in his or her sleep. [6]
Dreams allow a gratification of certain drives through a visual fantasy, or the manifest content. This reduces the impact of these drives from the id, which might often cause the dreamer to wake in order to fulfil them. In layman's terms, dreams allow certain needs to be fulfilled without the conscious mind needing to be aware of such fulfilment.
Any given place, person, object, or symbol can differ in its meaning from dreamer to dreamer and also from time to time in the dreamer's ongoing life situation. Thus someone helping a dreamer get closer to their dream through dreamwork adopts an attitude of "not knowing" as far as possible.