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Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is an antihistamine medication. [8] It is used in the treatment of itchiness, anxiety, insomnia, and nausea (including that due to motion sickness). [8] It is used either by mouth or injection into a muscle. [8] Hydroxyzine works by blocking the effects of histamine. [9]
The most common antihistamines utilized for this purpose include hydroxyzine, promethazine (enzyme induction especially helps with codeine and similar prodrug opioids), phenyltoloxamine, orphenadrine, and tripelennamine; some may also have intrinsic analgesic properties of their own, orphenadrine being an example.
Hydroxyzine: 25–100 mg 2 hours 20 hours ADH, CYP3A4, others No Doxepin: 3–6 mg 2–3 hours 17 hours c: CYP2D6, others No (at low doses) Mirtazapine: 7.5–15 mg 2 hours 20–40 hours CYP2D6, others No Quetiapine e: 25–200 mg 1.5 hours 7 hours d: CYP3A4 No (at low doses) Footnotes: a = For sleep/sedation. b = In adults.
It is used in over-the-counter combination products to treat the common cold and menstrual symptoms such as Midol Complete. [7] It is also the active ingredient of the topical antihistamine creams Anthisan [ 8 ] and Neoantergan [ 1 ] sold for the treatment of insect bites, stings, and nettle rash.
Hydroxy can refer to: . In chemical nomenclature, the prefix "hydroxy-" shows the presence of a hydroxyl functional group (−OH).; An abbreviation for the medication hydroxyzine, which is commonly sold under the brand names Atarax, Ucerax, Serecid, and Vistaril.
A 10 mg dose of cetirizine equals about a 30 mg dose of hydroxyzine in terms of peripheral antihistamine effect.) [30] PET studies with antihistamines have found that brain H 1 receptor occupancy of more than 50% is associated with a high prevalence of somnolence and cognitive decline, whereas brain H 1 receptor occupancy of less than 20% is ...
New RSV vaccines are now available to help prevent serious infection in people over 60. Doctors explain the RSV vaccine and its side effects in older adults.
An H 3 receptor antagonist is a type of antihistaminic drug used to block the action of histamine at H 3 receptors.. Unlike the H 1 and H 2 receptors which have primarily peripheral actions, but cause sedation if they are blocked in the brain, H 3 receptors are primarily found in the brain and are inhibitory autoreceptors located on histaminergic nerve terminals, which modulate the release of ...