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Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. Indigo is a natural dye obtained from the leaves of some plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria. Dye-bearing Indigofera plants were once common throughout the world. It is now produced via chemical routes. Blue colorants are rare.
Instead, it is possible to dye wool at room temperatures with indigo (vat blue 1) and other low substantive vat dyes using soda ash as the alkali source with very little strength loss. Vat red 10, vat violet 13 and vat orange 1 can be applied in this manner as well.
Tyrian purple was not made from the indigo plant, it was made from the murex snail. Even the chemical structure is a bit different. The Phoenicians were certainly famous for dye, just not dye made from indigo the plant. AllGloryToTheHypnotoad 22:12, 4 January 2009 (UTC) That's been a niggle for some time: go on, quick as you like!
The Baeyer–Drewsen indigo synthesis (1882) is an organic reaction in which indigo is prepared from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone [1] [2] The reaction was developed by von Baeyer and Viggo Drewsen in 1880 to produce the first synthetic indigo at laboratory scale. This procedure is not used at industrial scale.
Indigo vats are where fermentation and settlement processes for production of indigo dyestuff were accomplished. Each vat measures approximately 14 feet square and has a stuccoed interior. The upper vat, known as the "steeper vat", was used for the fermentation of indigo plants with the liquor drawn through a small portal into the "beater vat ...
True indigo is a shrub 1–2 metres (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) high. It may be an annual, biennial, or perennial, depending on the climate in which it is grown. It has light green pinnate leaves and sheafs of pink or violet flowers. The rotenoids deguelin, dehydrodeguelin, rotenol, rotenone, tephrosin and sumatrol can be found in I. tinctoria. [3]
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The first archaeological finds of woad seeds date to the Neolithic period. The seeds have been found in the cave of l'Audoste, Bouches-du-Rhône, France.Impressions of seeds of Färberwaid (Isatis tinctoria L.) or German indigo, of the plant family Brassicaceae, have been found on pottery in the Iron Age settlement of Heuneburg, Germany.