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A Karl Fischer titrator. In analytical chemistry, Karl Fischer titration is a classic titration method that uses coulometric or volumetric titration to determine trace amounts of water in a sample. It was invented in 1935 by the German chemist Karl Fischer. [1] [2] Today, the titration is done with an automated Karl Fischer titrator.
Karl Fischer (24 March 1901 – 16 April 1958) was a German chemist. [1] In 1935 he published a method to determine trace amounts of water in samples. [2] This method is now called Karl Fischer titration and was originally performed manually but has been automated. It remains the primary method of water content determination used worldwide by ...
Coulometric methods were used widely in the middle of the twentieth century but voltammetric methods and non-electrochemical analytical methods took over decreasing the use for coulometry, but one method widely used today is the Karl Fischer method. [6]
An accurate method for determining the amount of water is the Karl Fischer titration, developed in 1935 by the German chemist, whose name it bears. This method detects only water, contrary to loss on drying, which detects any volatile substances. [7] [5]
Karl Fischer titration: A potentiometric method to analyze trace amounts of water in a substance. A sample is dissolved in methanol, and titrated with Karl Fischer reagent (consists of iodine, sulfur dioxide, a base and a solvent, such as alcohol). The reagent contains iodine, which reacts proportionally with water.
A variety of techniques may be used including Karl Fischer titration and loss on drying. Many technical standards exist which define test methods for determining moisture in different types of food. Food moisture content can impact food safety, food quality, shelf life, texture, legal compliance, and consumer acceptance.
The methods widely used in aquametry encompasses Karl Fischer titration, distillation, chromatography etc. Sources McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical ...
moisture (Karl Fischer titration) Wet chemistry is also used in environmental chemistry settings to determine the current state of the environment. It is used to test: [citation needed] Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) eutrophication; coating identification