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The Children's Craniofacial Association (CCA) is a United States–based nonprofit organization supporting individuals and families with facial disfigurements. CCA is a family support organization recognized by governmental, educational and medical healthcare agencies across the US.
Global Smile Foundation was co-founded in 2008 by Dr. Usama Hamdan and other volunteers. Dr. Hamdan is a plastic surgeon and otolaryngologist. They began to conduct outreach programs to provide comprehensive cleft care for children born with cleft lip and/or cleft palate living in low-to-middle-income countries.
Smile Train is a nonprofit organization and charity providing corrective surgery for children with cleft lips and palates. [1] Headquartered in New York City and founded in 1999, Smile Train provides free corrective cleft surgery in 87 countries, [2] training local doctors and providing hospital funding for the procedures.
Cleft lip and palate occurs in about 1 to 2 per 1000 births in the developed world. [2] Cleft lip is about twice as common in males as females, while cleft palate without cleft lip is more common in females. [2] In 2017, it resulted in about 3,800 deaths globally, down from 14,600 deaths in 1990.
The craniofacial complex begins its progress in the fourth week of development, and results from neural crest cells migrating to form and fuse the facial primordia. [9] [10] Failures or deviations in this process result in craniofacial clefts, either CL or CP. [6] The range of variation in phenotype aligns with ancestry.
In cleft palate patients bone grafting during the mixed dentition has been widely accepted since the mid-1960s. The goals of surgery are to stabilize the maxilla, facilitate the healthy eruption of teeth that are adjacent the cleft, improving the esthetics of the base of the nose, create a bone base for dental implants, and to close any oro-nasal fistulas.
Ectrodactyly involves the deficiency or absence of one or more central digits of the hand or foot and is also known as split hand–split foot malformation (SHFM). [9] The hands and feet of people with ectrodactyly are often described as "claw-like" and may include only the thumb and one finger (usually either the little finger, ring finger, or a syndactyly of the two) with similar ...
The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) is a branch of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The institute aims to improve the oral, dental, and craniofacial health through research and the distribution of important health information to the American people.