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Tick-borne diseases, which afflict humans and other animals, are caused by infectious agents transmitted by tick bites. [1] They are caused by infection with a variety of pathogens, including rickettsia and other types of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. [2] The economic impact of tick-borne diseases is considered to be substantial in humans ...
This illness is a tick-borne disease carried by the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum.This tick was first proposed as a possible vector of disease in 1984, [2] and the illnesses associated with the tick called "Lyme-like disease", [3] but it was not recognized to be distinct from Lyme disease until the late 1990s.
Powassan Virus (POWV) is the only tick-borne flavivirus endemic in North America. [2] POWV human illnesses have been reported in the United States, Canada and Russia. [2] POWV has different genetic variations including deer tick virus (DTV) which is transmitted by the black-legged tick (aka deer tick), Ixodes scapularis. [27]
The most common way the disease is spread is via arthropod vectors. Ticks involved include Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, and Ixodes. [18] Rodents, rabbits, and hares often serve as reservoir hosts, [19] but waterborne infection accounts for 5–10% of all tularemia in the United States, [20] including from aquatic animals such as seals ...
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4][9][10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a tick-borne, infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus species complex, including Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in North America. These ticks also transmit Lyme disease and ...
More generally, high animal diversity has a strongly protective effect against tick-borne disease. [69] Topical tick medicines may be toxic to animals and humans. The synthetic pyrethroid insecticide phenothrin in combination with the hormone analogue methoprene was a popular topical flea and tick therapy for felines. Phenothrin kills adult ...
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