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Breeding range of penguins, all species (aqua); some species have wider seasonal migration ranges Penguins are a group of aquatic flightless birds from the family Spheniscidae ( / s f ɪ ˈ n ɪ s ɪ d iː , - d aɪ / ) of the order Sphenisciformes ( / s f ɪ ˈ n ɪ s ə f ɔːr m iː z / ). [ 4 ]
Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the penguin's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IOC World Bird List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population estimates are of the number of mature individuals and are taken from the IUCN Red List.
Penguin positions in breeding colonies are highly stable over weeks and appear regularly spaced. [46] The king penguin feeds its chicks by eating fish, digesting it slightly, and regurgitating the food into the chick's mouth. Because of their large size, king penguin chicks take 14–16 months before they are ready to go to sea.
Despite nesting on the shore, little penguins forage at sea and feed on a diet ranging from small schooling fish, to cephalopods, krill, and microzooplankton. [21] As the species is widely distributed across a range of habitats in New Zealand and Australia, variation in diet and foraging choice has also arisen.
The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), also known as Cape penguin or South African penguin, is a species of penguin confined to southern African waters. It is the only penguin found in the Old World. Like all penguins, it is flightless, with a streamlined body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Adults ...
Magellanic penguin on Argentina's coast Skeleton of a Magellanic penguin. Magellanic penguins are medium-sized penguins which grow to be 61–76 cm (24–30 in) tall and weigh between 2.7 and 6.5 kg (6.0 and 14.3 lb). [3] The males are larger than the females, and the weight of both drops while the parents raise their young.
The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to Antarctica. The male and female are similar in plumage and size, reaching 100 cm (39 in) in length and weighing from 22 to 45 kg (49 to 99 lb). Feathers of the head and back are black and sharply delineated from the white belly ...
Sphenisciformes (from the Latin for "wedge-shaped") is the taxonomic order to which the penguins belong. BirdLife International has assessed 18 species. 16 (89% of total species) have had their population estimated: those missing are the king and little penguins , both of which have been assessed as being of least concern .