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The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971. Sold for US$60 (equivalent to $470 in 2024 [2]), it was the first commercially produced microprocessor, [3] and the first in a long line of Intel CPUs.
ENIAC (/ ˈ ɛ n i æ k /; Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) [1] [2] was the first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer, completed in 1945. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Other computers had some of these features, but ENIAC was the first to have them all.
The first single-chip 16-bit microprocessor was introduced in 1975. Panafacom, a conglomerate formed by Japanese companies Fujitsu, Fuji Electric, and Matsushita, introduced the MN1610, a commercial 16-bit microprocessor. [5] [6] [7] According to Fujitsu, it was "the world's first 16-bit microcomputer on a single chip". [6]
The first self-contained general-purpose desktop computer to ship with the Intel 8080 microprocessor in April 1974 (as a pre-production unit) and one of the first commercially available computers with the 8080 in June 1974 (first production units shipped August 1974). Also included a built-in printer and early multi-line flat-panel plasma display.
The MITS Altair, the first commercially successful microprocessor kit, was featured on the cover of Popular Electronics magazine in January 1975. It was the world's first mass-produced personal computer kit, as well as the first computer to use an Intel 8080 processor. It was a commercial success with 10,000 Altairs being shipped.
The first chips that could be considered microprocessors were designed and manufactured in the late 1960s and early 1970s, including the MP944 used in the Grumman F-14 CADC. [1] Intel's 4004 of 1971 is widely regarded as the first commercial microprocessor. [2]
The Cray-2, released in 1985, was a four-processor liquid cooled computer totally immersed in a tank of Fluorinert, which bubbled as it operated. [10] It reached 1.9 gigaflops and was the world's fastest supercomputer, and the first to break the gigaflop barrier. [25] The Cray-2 was a totally new design.
Computer Performance R; 1938 Germany: Personal research and development Berlin, Germany Konrad Zuse: Z1: 1.00 IPS [1] 1940 Z2: 1.25 IPS [2] 1941 Z3: 20.00 IPS [3] 1944 United Kingdom: Bletchley Park: Tommy Flowers and his team, Post Office Research Station: Colossus: 5.00 kIPS [4] 1945 United States: University of Pennsylvania: Moore School of ...