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An online system named ePathshala, a joint initiative of NCERT and Ministry of Education, has been developed for broadcasting educational e-schooling resources including textbooks, audio, video, publications, and a variety of other print and non-print elements, [18] ensuring their free access through mobile phones and tablets (as EPUB) and from ...
Indian copper plate inscriptions are legal records engraved on copper plates.The practice was widespread and long-running in the Indian subcontinent; it may date back to as early as the 3rd millennium BCE, however the vast majority of recovered plates were produced in the 1st millennium CE.
Metallurgy derives from the Ancient Greek μεταλλουργός, metallourgós, "worker in metal", from μέταλλον, métallon, "mine, metal" + ἔργον, érgon, "work" The word was originally an alchemist's term for the extraction of metals from minerals, the ending -urgy signifying a process, especially manufacturing: it was discussed in this sense in the 1797 Encyclopædia ...
Metals and related concepts were mentioned in various early Vedic age texts. The Rigveda already uses the Sanskrit term ayas (Sanskrit: अयस्, romanized: áyas, lit. 'metal; copper; iron'). [2] The Indian cultural and commercial contacts with the Near East and the Greco-Roman world enabled an exchange of metallurgic sciences. [3]
The term "bronze ratio" (=) (Cf. Golden Age and Olympic Medals) and even metals such as copper (=) and nickel (=) are occasionally found in the literature. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In terms of algebraic number theory , the metallic means are exactly the real quadratic integers that are greater than 1 {\displaystyle 1} and have − 1 {\displaystyle -1} as ...
Metals in their native state are those found in nature as free elements (chemically uncombined). They are usually attached to or mixed with varying amounts of undesired material , and require only physical separation to produce usable metal. Most metallic ores in the Earth's crust require chemical processing to produce metal.
The composition is laid down in the Shilpa shastras, a collection of ancient texts that describe arts, crafts, and their design rules, principles and standards.Panchaloha is traditionally described as an alloy of gold, silver, copper, zinc, and iron.
Cathodic stripping voltammetry is a voltammetric method for quantitative determination of specific ionic species. [6] It is similar to the trace analysis method anodic stripping voltammetry, except that for the plating step, the potential is held at an oxidizing potential, and the oxidized species are stripped from the electrode by sweeping the potential negatively.