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Volatile anaesthetic agents share the property of being liquid at room temperature, but evaporating easily for administration by inhalation. The volatile anesthetics used in the developed world today include: Desflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane. Other agents widely used in the past include ether, chloroform, enflurane, halothane, methoxyflurane.
Halothane, sold under the brand name Fluothane among others, is a general anaesthetic. [5] It can be used to induce or maintain anaesthesia. [5] One of its benefits is that it does not increase the production of saliva, which can be particularly useful in those who are difficult to intubate. [5]
Dental anesthesia (or dental anaesthesia) is the application of anesthesia to dentistry. It includes local anesthetics , sedation , and general anesthesia. Local anesthetic agents in dentistry
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The Meyer-Overton correlation for anaesthetics. A nonspecific mechanism of general anaesthetic action was first proposed by Emil Harless and Ernst von Bibra in 1847. [9] They suggested that general anaesthetics may act by dissolving in the fatty fraction of brain cells and removing fatty constituents from them, thus changing activity of brain cells and inducing anaesthesia.
This makes a deeper level of anesthesia achievable more easily using anesthetic gases but can also make them more dangerous than other drugs used for this purpose. Nitrous oxide is thought to be particularly non-toxic, though heavy long-term use can lead to a variety of serious health problems linked to the destruction of vitamin B12 and folic ...
Several inhalational anesthetic agents are used in dentistry, e.g., isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, and halothane. [11] The most concerning from the point of view of its health impact, however, is nitrous oxide, an inhalation sedative commonly used in dentistry, particularly for children.
Sevoflurane, sold under the brand name Sevorane, among others, is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset. [8]