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In many people, it is elicited by bending the head forward. [2] It can also be evoked when a practitioner pounds on the cervical spine while the neck is flexed; this is caused by involvement of the posterior columns. Lhermitte phenomenon is named after the French neurologist Jean Lhermitte. [3]
The term comes from Greek lordos ' bent backward '. [5] Lordosis in the human spine makes it easier for humans to bring the bulk of their mass over the pelvis. This allows for a much more efficient walking gait than that of other primates, whose inflexible spines cause them to resort to an inefficient forward-leaning "bent-knee, bent-waist ...
This condition can lead to excess pressure on the spine, causing pain and discomfort. [5] If the spine is bent too far, a patient may have difficulties breathing because of the pressure of the spine pressed against the lungs. Camptocormia may also lead to muscle weakness in the upper back and to arthritis and other bone-degeneration diseases. [5]
hip and knee fully flexed, extension of knee elicits pain and/or opisthotonus Kocher's sign: Emil Theodor Kocher: ophthalmology, endocrinology: Hyperthyroidism, Basedow's disease, In fixation on a fast upwards movement there occurs a convulsive retraction of the eyelid Koebner's phenomenon: Heinrich Koebner: dermatology: various conditions ...
Leg pain is usually more significant than back pain in individuals who have both. [12] NC is classically distinguished by symptoms improving or worsening with certain activities and manoeuvres. Pain may occur with walking, standing, and back extension. Sitting and bending or leaning forward tend to provide relief.
Symptoms include overuse muscle pain and fatigue along the back of the neck and reaching down to the mid-back, often starting with the upper trapezius muscle bellies between the shoulders and neck. Cervicogenic headache from the joints and muscle attachments at the top of the neck is common. [12] [13]