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During the mambo era of the 1940s, bongo players began regularly using a large hand-held cowbell during the montuno section in son groups. This bongo bell role was introduced in the son conjunto of Arsenio Rodríguez. Pattern 5 is the basic bongo bell pattern. Cuban bongo bell pattern, with 2-3 son clave above. [56] Play ⓘ.
The ensemble's rhythm section incorporated the maringa rhythm and traditional instruments, including a bass drum, a patengé, bells (reminiscent of maracas affixed to hunting dogs), double bells known as ekonga, a likembe, and modern instruments such as an accordion, a guitar, a mandolin, a banjo, and a rackett.
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The timbale bell comes from a stick pattern (cáscara) used in the Afro-Cuban folkloric rhythm guaguancó. Timbale bell and bongo bell (bottom) in 3-2 clave. Timbale bell and bongo bell (bottom) in 2-3 clave. The following example shows the most common conga (two drums), timbale bell, and bongo bell pattern combination used in salsa music. [26]
Bongos are mainly employed in the rhythm section of son cubano and salsa ensembles, often alongside other drums such as the larger congas and the stick-struck timbales. In these groups, the bongo player is known as bongosero and often plays a continuous eight-stroke pattern called martillo (lit.
Some important musical functions were assigned to the sonority layers, such as the "time line" or clave rhythm performed by the claves, a "1 eighth note + 2 sixteenth notes" rhythm played by the güiro or the machete, the patterns of the "guajeo" by the tres, the improvisation on the bongoes and the anticipated bass on the "tumbandera" or the ...
Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony is a music theory of harmony in sub-Saharan African music based on the principles of homophonic parallelism (chords based around a leading melody that follow its rhythm and contour), homophonic polyphony (independent parts moving together), counter-melody (secondary melody) and ostinato-variation (variations based on a repeated theme).
When one hears triple-pulse rhythms in Latin jazz the percussion is most often replicating the Afro-Cuban rhythm bembé. The standard bell is the key pattern used in bembé and so with compositions based on triple-pulse rhythms, it is the seven-stroke bell, rather than the five-stroke clave that is the most familiar to jazz musicians.