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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Japanese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters .
Anusvara (Sanskrit: अनुस्वार, IAST: anusvāra, IPA: [ɐn̪usʋaːrɐh, ənʊswaːr]), also known as Bindu (Hindi: बिंदु, IPA: [bin̪d̪uː]), is a symbol used in many Indic scripts to mark a type of nasal sound, typically transliterated ṃ or ṁ in standards like ISO 15919 and IAST.
Long vowels are pronounced with around 2.5 or 3 times the phonetic duration of short vowels, but are considered to be two moras long at the phonological level. [197] In normal speech, a "double vowel", that is, a sequence of two identical short vowels (for example, across morpheme boundaries), is pronounced the same way as a long vowel.
In Hindu metaphysics, Bindu is considered the point at which creation begins and may become unity. It is also described as "the sacred symbol of the cosmos in its unmanifested state". [1] [2] Bindu is the point around which the mandala is created, representing the Universe. [3] Bindu is often merged with [seed] (or sperm) and ova.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
The list is sorted by Japanese reading (on'yomi in katakana, then kun'yomi in hiragana), in accordance with the ordering in the official Jōyō table. This list does not include characters that were present in older versions of the list but have since been removed ( 勺 , 銑 , 脹 , 錘 , 匁 ).
Inside the bindu is the seat, near which are the gurus footstools, upon which are the gurus feet. [10] This position is considered very important in Tibetan tantric practice of deity yoga , where the guru or deity is often visualized as above the crown, bestowing blessings below (for example in the Vajrasattva purification meditation).
The kyōiku kanji (教育漢字, literally "education kanji") are kanji which Japanese elementary school students should learn from first through sixth grade. [1] Also known as gakushū kanji (学習漢字, literally "learning kanji"), these kanji are listed on the Gakunenbetsu kanji haitō hyō (学年別漢字配当表(), literally "table of kanji by school year"), [2].