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This is a list of examples of Jim Crow laws, which were state, territorial, and local laws in the United States enacted between 1877 and 1965. Jim Crow laws existed throughout the United States and originated from the Black Codes that were passed from 1865 to 1866 and from before the American Civil War.
The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, "Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. [1] The last of the Jim Crow laws were generally overturned in 1965. [2]
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) - Ruled racial segregation and Jim Crow laws in the South to be constitutional under the "separate-but-equal" doctrine. Williams v. Mississippi (1898) - Upheld voting restrictions in the 1890 Mississippi State Constitution. Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education (1899) - Upheld de jure segregation in schools ...
But its residents knew white people could use violence to enforce Jim Crow elsewhere. In 1955, Mamie Till-Mobley stayed in the town during breaks in the trial of two white men accused of torturing ...
Jim Crow laws were enacted over several decades after the end of post-Civil War Reconstruction in the late 19th century and formally ended with passage of the Civil Rights Act and the Voting ...
The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...
Lynchings punished perceived violations of customs, later institutionalized as Jim Crow laws, which mandated racial segregation of Whites and Blacks, and second-class status for Blacks. A 2017 paper found that more racially segregated counties were more likely to be places where Whites conducted lynchings.
Louisiana outlawed nonunanimous jury convictions as unconstitutional, with justices on the 6-3 majority acknowledging the practice as a vestige of racism from the era of “Jim Crow” laws ...