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The Battle of Gaugamela (/ ˌ ɡ ɔː ɡ ə ˈ m iː l ə / GAW-gə-MEE-lə; Ancient Greek: Γαυγάμηλα, romanized: Gaugámēla, lit. 'the Camel's House'), also called the Battle of Arbela (Ἄρβηλα, Árbēla), took place in 331 BC between the forces of the Army of Macedon under Alexander the Great and the Persian Army under King Darius III.
The Battle of Gaugamela, in which Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia in 331 BC, took place approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Erbil, Iraq. After the battle, Darius managed to flee to the city.
The Battle of Gaugamela was the decisive confrontation between Alexander's army and that of Darius III (October 1, 331 BC). It is also known as the Battle of Arbela, due to its relative proximity (100 km or 60 mi) to the city of Arbela, today's Erbil , in northern Iraq .
Alexander old drawings. The battle of Arbela (Gaugamela) between Alexander and Darius, the latter being in flight. On read a Latin inscriptions on the bottom margin: "Proelium ad Arbelam inter Alexandrum et Darium et fuga ejus")
The Battle of Gaugamela, in which Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia, took place in 331 BC approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Erbil according to Urbano Monti's world map. [34] After the battle, Darius managed to flee to the city. (Somewhat inaccurately, the confrontation is sometimes known as the "Battle of Arbela".)
October 1 – Alexander is victorious in the Battle of Gaugamela (near ancient Ninevah) over the Persian King Darius III. Alexander pursues the defeated Persian forces to Arbela, Darius moves his Bactrian cavalry and Greek mercenaries into Media. For the first time, Alexander encounters war elephants after the battle in Darius' camp.
Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, launched an invasion of the Achaemenid Empire in 333 BC. Defeating King Darius III in the key battles of Issus (333 BC) and Gaugamela (331 BC), Alexander captured the major cities of Babylon, Susa, and Persepolis, and in 330 BC marched eastwards to confront the remaining Persian forces led by Bessus in Bactria. [11]
Mazaeus was the penultimate Persian satrap (governor) of Cilicia.His successor in Cilicia was Arsames, who was ultimately expelled by Alexander the Great.. At the Battle of Gaugamela, Mazaeus commanded the right flank with the Syrian, Median, Mesopotamian, Parthian, Sacian, Tapurian, Hyrcanian, Sacesinian, Cappadocian, and Armenian cavalry.