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Human rights in Nigeria are protected under the current constitution of 1999. [1] While Nigeria has made major improvements in human rights under this constitution, the American Human Rights Report of 2012 notes several areas where more improvement is needed, which includes: [2] abuses by Boko Haram, killings by government forces, lack of social equality and issues with freedom of speech.
The constitution of Nigeria is the written supreme law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Nigeria has had many constitutions. Its current form was enacted on 29 May 1999 and kickstarted the Fourth Nigerian Republic .
The two legislative houses completed all the processes and transmitted the bill for assent to the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Nigerian President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan signed the bill on May 28, 2015; according to the Nigerian constitution, the bill automatically became an Act and law which takes effect immediately. [7]
The Civil Liberties Organization (CLO) has been promoting human rights in Nigeria since it began in 1987. [1] On 12 August 1993, CLO's founder and president Olisa Agbakoba, was part of the leaders of the pro-democracy campaign against the nullification of the 12 June 1993 presidential elections by General Ibrahim Babaginda.
The Constitution of Nigeria is the supreme law of the country. There are four distinct legal systems in Nigeria, which include English law, Common law, Customary law, and Sharia Law. English law in Nigeria is derived from the colonial Nigeria, while common law is a development from its post-colonial independence. [1]
In 2003, Nigeria adopted the Child Rights Act to domesticate the Convention on the Rights of the Child. [1] The Children's Rights Act of 2003 expands the human rights bestowed to citizens in Nigeria's 1999 constitution to children. [1] Although this law was passed at the Federal level, it is only effective if State assemblies also codify the ...
Article 33 of the constitution of 1999 created an official Commission to investigate and report upon human rights abuses. Its members are elected from several human rights associations, legal bodies, and government offices. The Committee is composed of 19 members, elected for three-year terms by a variety of bodies set out in the constitution.
The constitution was styled after the ill-fated Second Republic — which saw the Westminster system of government jettisoned for an American presidential system. Political parties were formed ( People's Democratic Party (PDP), All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), and Alliance for Democracy (AD)), and elections were set for April 1999.