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In organic chemistry, xylene or xylol (from Greek ξύλον (xylon) 'wood'; [1] [2] IUPAC name: dimethylbenzene) are any of three organic compounds with the formula (CH 3) 2 C 6 H 4. They are derived from the substitution of two hydrogen atoms with methyl groups in a benzene ring; which hydrogens are substituted determines which of three ...
The p-stands for para-, indicating that the two methyl groups in p-xylene occupy the diametrically opposite substituent positions 1 and 4. It is in the positions of the two methyl groups, their arene substitution pattern, that it differs from the other isomers, o-xylene and m-xylene. All have the same chemical formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2. All ...
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2, with two methyl substituents bonded to adjacent carbon atoms of a benzene ring (the ortho configuration). It is a constitutional isomer of m -xylene and p -xylene , the mixture being called xylene or xylenes.
For example, the three isomers of xylene CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 3, commonly the ortho-, meta-, and para-forms, are 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The cyclic structures can also be treated as functional groups themselves, in which case they take the prefix "cyclo alkyl -" (e.g. "cyclohexyl-") or for benzene, "phenyl-".
The C 2 benzenes are a class of organic aromatic compounds which contain a benzene ring and two other carbon atoms. For the hydrocarbons with no further unsaturation, there are four isomers. There are three xylenes and one ethylbenzene .
The m-stands for meta-, indicating that the two methyl groups in m-xylene occupy positions 1 and 3 on a benzene ring. It is in the positions of the two methyl groups, their arene substitution pattern, that it differs from the other isomers, o-xylene and p-xylene. All have the same chemical formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2. All xylene isomers are ...
C 6 H 6 + C 2 H 4 → C 6 H 5 C 2 H 5. The diethylbenzene is an inadvertent side product. C 6 H 5 C 2 H 5 + C 2 H 4 → C 6 H 4 (C 2 H 5) 2. Using shape-selective zeolite catalysts, the para isomer can be produced in high selectivity. Much diethylbenzene is recycled by transalkylation to give ethylbenzene: [1] C 6 H 4 (C 2 H 5) 2 + C 6 H 6 → ...
Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 3.It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with an odor similar to that of gasoline.This monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is important in the petrochemical industry as a reaction intermediate in the production of styrene, the precursor to polystyrene, a common plastic material.