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  2. Approximate string matching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximate_string_matching

    Approximate matching is also used in spam filtering. [5] Record linkage is a common application where records from two disparate databases are matched. String matching cannot be used for most binary data, such as images and music. They require different algorithms, such as acoustic fingerprinting.

  3. PatchMatch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PatchMatch

    PatchMatch is an algorithm used to quickly find correspondences (or matches) between small square regions (or patches) of an image. It has various applications in image editing, such as reshuffling or removing objects from images or altering their aspect ratios without cropping or noticeably stretching them.

  4. Edit distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance

    Edit distance finds applications in computational biology and natural language processing, e.g. the correction of spelling mistakes or OCR errors, and approximate string matching, where the objective is to find matches for short strings in many longer texts, in situations where a small number of differences is to be expected.

  5. String metric - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric

    In mathematics and computer science, a string metric (also known as a string similarity metric or string distance function) is a metric that measures distance ("inverse similarity") between two text strings for approximate string matching or comparison and in fuzzy string searching.

  6. Bitap algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitap_algorithm

    The bitap algorithm (also known as the shift-or, shift-and or Baeza-Yates-Gonnet algorithm) is an approximate string matching algorithm. The algorithm tells whether a given text contains a substring which is "approximately equal" to a given pattern, where approximate equality is defined in terms of Levenshtein distance – if the substring and pattern are within a given distance k of each ...

  7. Rabin–Karp algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabin–Karp_algorithm

    Generalizations of the same idea can be used to find more than one match of a single pattern, or to find matches for more than one pattern. To find a single match of a single pattern, the expected time of the algorithm is linear in the combined length of the pattern and text, although its worst-case time complexity is the product of the two ...

  8. Cosine similarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosine_similarity

    For text matching, the attribute vectors A and B are usually the term frequency vectors of the documents. Cosine similarity can be seen as a method of normalizing document length during comparison. In the case of information retrieval , the cosine similarity of two documents will range from 0 → 1 {\displaystyle 0\to 1} , since the term ...

  9. String-searching algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String-searching_algorithm

    A string-searching algorithm, sometimes called string-matching algorithm, is an algorithm that searches a body of text for portions that match by pattern. A basic example of string searching is when the pattern and the searched text are arrays of elements of an alphabet ( finite set ) Σ.