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Interferometry typically uses electromagnetic waves and is an important investigative technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its applications to chemistry), quantum mechanics, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, biomolecular interactions ...
While all three of these interferometers work with a white light source, only the first, the diffraction grating interferometer, is truly achromatic. [8] Here the vertical scanning or coherence probe interferometers are discussed in detail due to their extensive use for surface metrology in today’s high-precision industrial applications.
Figure 3. White light interferometric microscope. White-light interferometry scanning (WLS) systems capture intensity data at a series of positions along the vertical axis, determining where the surface is located by using the shape of the white-light interferogram, the localized phase of the interferogram, or a combination of both shape and phase.
The Michelson interferometer is a common configuration for optical interferometry and was invented by the 19/20th-century American physicist Albert Abraham Michelson.
Holographic interferometer; Jamin interferometer; Laser Doppler vibrometer; Linnik interferometer (microscopy) LUPI variant of Michelson; Lummer–Gehrcke interferometer; Mach–Zehnder interferometer; Martin–Puplett interferometer; Michelson interferometer; Mirau interferometer (also known as a Mirau objective) (microscopy) Moiré ...
Spectral Phase Interferometry for Direct Electric-field Reconstruction (SPIDER) is a nonlinear self-referencing technique based on spectral shearing interferometry. For this method, the reference pulse should produce a mirror image of itself with a spectral shift, in order to provide the spectral intensity and phase of the probe pulse via a ...
This category describes the general techniques and general types of instruments used in interferometry. Specific instruments are listed in Category:Interferometers . The main article for this category is Interferometry .
Interferometry is a desired platform for precise estimation of physical quantities because of its ability to sense small phase changes. One of the most prominent examples of the application of this property is the detection of gravitational waves . Schematic of a conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometer.