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The primary sources of electricity generation in Scotland are provided through renewable energy (61.8%), nuclear (25.7%) and fossil fuel generation (10.9%). [1] Whitelee Wind Farm is the largest onshore wind farm in the United Kingdom, and was Europe's largest onshore wind farm for some time. [2]
This list of power stations in Scotland includes current and former electricity-generating power stations in Scotland, sorted by type. Scotland is a net exporter of electricity and has a generating capacity of over 10 GW. None of this is generated by conventional oil- or gas-burning power stations.
Renewable electricity generation in 2012 was a record high at 14,756 GWh – an increase of 7.3% on 2011, the previous record year for renewables output. [42] In 2015, Scotland generated 59% of its electricity consumption through renewable sources, exceeding the country's goal of 50% renewable electricity by that year. [43]
In 2004, wind power produced nearly 850 GWh of electricity in Scotland, around 1.7% of all generation, and by 2010,this had increased to nearly 4.9 TWh (9.9%). In 2017, wind generated over a quarter (27%) of the electricity in Scotland. In 2020 it was 23.1 TWh (45%), although this dropped in 2021 to 19.9 TWh (42%).
The Electricity (Scotland) Act 1979 (repealed 1989) consolidated previous enactments for the supply of electricity in Scotland. The first use of gas turbines for main power generation at Letchworth (Hertfordshire), Ocker Hill (Tipton Staffordshire), Taylors Lane (Willesden London) and Watford (Hertfordshire) power stations.
Four other sites provided electricity to the National Grid in Scotland, however generation ceased at Hunterson A in 1990 and at Chapelcross in 2004. Between 2004 and 2021, nuclear energy accounted for 25-43% of the annual electricity generation in Scotland. [1]
Renewable electricity generation in 2011 was a record high at 13,750 GWh - an increase of 44.5 per cent on 2010. Around 35 per cent of Scotland’s electricity came from renewables in 2011, exceeding the Scottish Government’s target of 31 per cent. Scotland contributed almost 40 per cent of the UK’s renewables output in 2011. [5]
Energy Wholesale contained two companies, ScottishPower Generation Ltd, which formerly generated 6,200 MW of electricity power in the United Kingdom using coal-fired thermal power stations, combined cycle power stations, hydro-electric schemes, pumped storage generation and were acquired by Drax in 2018.