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The first deep-sea species of Polynoidae was collected at 1230 m during the Challenger Expedition and a number of subfamilies appear to be restricted to the deep sea below 500 m. [2] Species have colonised submarine caves and hydrothermal vents. Deep sea species are characterised by a partial or complete loss of antennae, fewer segments, a ...
For the deep-sea ecosystem, the death of a whale is the most important event. A dead whale can bring hundreds of tons of organic matter to the bottom. Whale fall community progresses through three stages: [32] Mobile scavenger stage: Big and mobile deep-sea animals arrive at the site almost immediately after whales fall on the bottom.
Muusoctopus is a cosmopolitan genus of deep-sea octopus from the family Enteroctopodidae.These are small to medium-sized octopuses which lack an ink sac. [2] Recent work has suggested that these octopuses originated in the North Atlantic and subsequently moved into the North Pacific while the species in the Southern Hemisphere are descended from multiple invasions from northern oceans.
Marine mammals, such as harbor seals, sea otters, and sperm whales depend upon the giant Pacific octopus as a source of food. Pacific sleeper sharks are also confirmed predators of this species. [22] In addition, the octopus (along with cuttlefish and squid) is a significant source of protein for human consumption.
From shallow waters to the deep sea, the open ocean to rivers and lakes, numerous terrestrial and marine species depend on the surface ecosystem and the organisms found there. [ 1 ] The ocean's surface acts like a skin between the atmosphere above and the water below, and hosts an ecosystem unique to this environment.
Dulcibella camanchaca is a species of amphipod crustacean discovered in the Atacama Trench, at depths of nearly 8,000 m (26,000 ft) in the South Pacific Ocean near Chile. [2] [3] Measuring approximately 4 cm (1.6 in) in length, this predatory amphipod is adapted to the extreme conditions of the hadal zone, making it one of the deepest-living predators identified to date.
Deep-sea chimaera photographed by the NOAAS Okeanos Explorer.Visible on its snout are tiny pores which lead to electroreceptor cells.. Chimaeras are soft-bodied, shark-like fish with bulky heads and long, tapered tails; measured from the tail, they can grow up to 150 cm (4.9 ft) in length.
Acanthephyra purpurea, sometimes called the fire-breathing shrimp and deep-sea shrimp, [2] is a species of bioluminescent deep sea shrimp first described in 1881. [1] The species is known for 'vomiting' bioluminescent fluid when distressed, although the fluid likely originates from the hepatopancreas and not the stomach.